How many jurors must agree for a "true bill" to be issued in a grand jury proceeding?

In a grand jury proceeding, a "true bill" is issued when a sufficient number of jurors agree that there is probable cause to formally charge an individual with a crime. The required number of jurors needed to reach this consensus varies by jurisdiction, but in federal grand jury proceedings, the standard is typically that a minimum of 12 jurors must vote in favor of issuing a true bill.

This threshold is designed to ensure that there is a clear majority supporting the decision to indict, thus reflecting a collective judgment of a diverse group of individuals. The use of 12 jurors is rooted in historical practices and aims to provide a balance between having enough jurors to avoid arbitrary decisions and ensuring the efficiency of the grand jury process.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the requirements set for grand jury proceedings, as less than 12 would not fulfill the necessary majority, and more than 12 is generally not mandated. This focus on the 12 jurors ensures a fair representation and collective responsibility in the decision-making process.