What does the 1st Amendment protect?

The First Amendment of the United States Constitution is fundamental to the protection of individual liberties, specifically addressing key freedoms that are essential to a democratic society. It safeguards freedoms of speech, press, religion, and the right to assemble peacefully and protest. This means that individuals can express their thoughts and opinions without fear of government censorship or punishment, practice their religion freely, communicate through various forms of media, and gather together to express their collective views or grievances.

These protections are critical for the functioning of democracy, enabling public debate, dissent, and the free exchange of ideas. They ensure that diverse perspectives can be heard and that citizens can challenge governmental authority or policy without fear of retribution. By emphasizing these freedoms, the First Amendment remains a cornerstone of American democracy and civil rights.