What is addressed in the 4th Amendment?

The 4th Amendment of the United States Constitution specifically addresses the issues of search and seizure. It protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government, requiring law enforcement to have probable cause and, in most cases, a warrant that is supported by oath or affirmation. This amendment serves as a safeguard for citizens' privacy and ensures that their personal property cannot be searched without just cause. The intention behind this protection is to maintain a balance between an individual's right to security in their person, houses, papers, and effects, and the needs of law enforcement to investigate crimes.

The other options relate to different amendments: freedom of religion is protected under the 1st Amendment; the right to a fair trial is addressed in the 6th Amendment; and protection against self-incrimination is found in the 5th Amendment. Each of these topics addresses fundamental rights but falls outside the scope of what the 4th Amendment covers.