What is the test of reasonable suspicion based on?

The test of reasonable suspicion is grounded in the concept of the totality of circumstances. This means that law enforcement must consider all the facts and circumstances available at the time of an encounter to determine whether a reasonable officer would suspect that a crime is afoot. It encompasses a broad assessment of the situation rather than relying on isolated incidents or specific pieces of evidence.

This approach allows officers to make contextual judgments based on their training, experience, and knowledge of criminal behavior, along with any observable actions or circumstances indicative of suspicious activity. The totality of circumstances standard ensures that judgments made about reasonable suspicion are not overly rigid and can adapt to the nuances of each unique situation law enforcement may face.