Which of the following is a type of testimonial evidence?

Testimonial evidence is primarily derived from the statements made by individuals who have witnessed or have knowledge about the events in question. It directly reflects the observations and experiences of a person, making witness statements a quintessential example of this type of evidence. Witness statements provide firsthand accounts which can help establish facts related to a case and thus carry significant weight during legal proceedings.

The other options represent different forms of evidence: physical evidence refers to tangible items collected from crime scenes, writings and documents serve as records or correspondence that may contain relevant information but do not involve personal accounts, and photographs capture visual details but also lack the personal testimony aspect found in witness statements. Each of these types serves its purpose in legal contexts but does not embody the essence of testimonial evidence as effectively as witness statements do.